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The Company claims:
1. A material having regions of stable conductivity greater than 106 S/cm near room temperature, the material comprising a substantially solid macromolecular substance having less than 50% volume percent crystalline phase, and absent additional conductive material that substantially participates in the conductivity of the material said material having a Young's modulus greater than 0.1 MPa near room temperature.
2. The material of claim 1 wherein the substance has an oxygen content between 0.1 atomic % and 13 atomic %.
3. A material having regions exhibiting stable conductivity of at least 106 S/cm at near room temperature, the material comprising a substantially solid macromolecular substance having less than 50% volume percent crystalline phase, said material further comprising microscopic nonconducting particles and in the absence of additional conductive material that would substantially participate in the conductivity of the material.
4. A material having regions exhibiting stable conductivity greater than 106 S/cm near room temperature, the material comprising a substantially solid macromolecular substance having less than 50% volume percent crystalline phase, said material having Young's modulus greater than 0.1 MPa near room temperature and in the absence of additional conductive material that would substantially participate in the conductivity of the material.
5. The material of claim 4 wherein the substance has more than 76.8% single bonds.
6. The material of claim 4 wherein the substance has a static dielectric constant whose value is finite and greater than 2.4.
7. The material of claim 4 wherein the conductivity exceeds 1011 S/cm at room temperature.
8. The material of claim 4 wherein the material significantly violates the Wiedemann-Franz law.
9. The material of claim 4 wherein the substance is a nonconjugated polymer in a substantially solid state.
10. The material of claim 9 wherein the polymer is chosen from the group consisting of a hydrocarbon, a polymer having a silicon-oxygen main chain, and a polyurethane.
11. The material of claim 10 wherein the hydrocarbon is chosen from the group consisting of oxidized atactic polypropylene and oxidized isotactic polyhexene.
12. The material of claim 10 wherein the polymer having a silicon-oxygen main chain is formed from a polydimethysiloxane having a side substitute chosen from the group consisting of a methyl group, a hydrogen groups, a diphenyl group, and an acrylic side group.
13. The material of claim 10 wherein the
polyurethane is formed from the copolycondensation of 4,4'-methylenebiphenyl isocyanate and poly(buthyleneglycol adipinat).
14.
An electrical conductor comprising a substantially solid mostly amorphous macromolecular substance having regions exhibiting stable conductivity of more than 106 S/cm near room temperature, said substance having a Young's modulus greater than 0.1 MPa near room temperature.
15. The conductor of claim 14 wherein the substance has more than 50% amorphous phase.
16. The conductor of claim 14 wherein the substance has a static dielectric constant whose value is finite and greater than 2.4.
17. The conductor of claim 14 wherein the regions of stable conductivity are quasi-one-dimensional electronic threads.
18.
A method for producing a material comprising stable regions exhibiting conductivity, having conductivity greater than 106 S/cm near room temperature the method comprising:
- forming a medium comprising a macromolecular substance;
- generating macromolecular ions and free electrons in the medium;
- inducing said free electrons to form conducting threads; and
- substantially solidifying the medium to stabilize the conductivity in said material, said material being in the form
of a film having an approximate thickness between about 5 microns and about 100 microns said material having a Young's modulus greater that 0.1 MPa near room temperature.
19.
A method for producing a material comprising stable regions exhibiting conductivity, having conductivity greater than 106 S/cm near room temperature the method comprising:
- forming a medium comprising a macromolecular substance;
- increasing the surface area of the medium sufficiently to generate macromolecular ions and free electrons in the
medium;
- inducing said free electrons to form conducting threads; and thereafter
- substantially solidifying the medium to stabilize the conductivity said medium having a Young's modulus greater that
0.1 MPa near room temperature.
20.
A method for producing a material comprising stable regions exhibiting conductivity, having conductivity greater than 106 S/cm near room temperature the method comprising:
- forming a medium comprising a macromolecular substance;
- heating said medium sufficiently to generate macromolecular ions and free electrons in the medium;
- inducing said free electrons to form conducting threads; and thereafter
- substantially solidifying the medium to stabilize the conductivity said medium having a Young's modulus greater that
0.1 MPa near room temperature.
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